Nueva concepción del aprendizaje productivo reflexivo New conception of reflective productive learningDiosveldy Navarro Lores Danilo Navarro Lores Universidad de Guantánamo. Guantánamo, CubaUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro Universitario Municipal Baracoa. Guantánamo, CubaORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-5871 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5204-9824 Correo(s) electrónico(s):diosveldy@cug.co.cudanilo@info.sld.cuRecibido: 20/10/2019Aceptado: 10/03/2020Resumen: En el presente trabajo se evalúan críticamente algunos tipos de aprendizaje referidos en la literatura pedagógica a partir del énfasis que hacen en un aprendizaje convencional en que se reproduce el conocimiento acumulado, lo que queda preestablecido en el currículo escolar. Los análisis se apoyaron en la revisión bibliográfica y el objetivo es definir aprendizaje productivo reflexivo. Se logró develar los rasgos distintivos de los diferentes tipos de aprendizaje y las posibilidades que estos ofrecen para estimular el aprendizaje productivo reflexivo.Palabras clave: Aprendizaje, tipos de aprendizaje, actividad reproductiva, actividad intelectual productiva, actividad creadora, aprendizaje productivo reflexivo.Abstract: Work some learning types referred in the pedagogic literature starting from the emphasis that make in a conventional learning in that reproduces the accumulated knowledge, what is preset in the school curriculum is evaluated presently critically. The analyses leaned on in the bibliographical revision and the objective is to define reflexive productive learning. It was possible to discover the distinctive features of the different learning types and the possibilities that these they offer to stimulate the reflexive productive learning.Keywords: Learning, learning types, reproductive activity, productive intellectual activity, creative activity, reflexive productive learningIntroductionLearning as the establishment of new temporal relationships between a being and its environment has been the object of various empirical studies, carried out on both animals and man. The definitions of learning described in the pedagogical literature, regardless of the theory behind them, have two aspects in common: - First, they conceive learning as change that occurs in the learner.- Second, the school curriculum pre-sets a limit on the teaching content.That pre-established limit makes school learning a learning that reproduces what has been accumulated by humanity. In this sense, in the face of these problems, the present article analyzed the different definitions and types of learning in order to reveal their distinctive features and the possibilities that they offer to stimulate reflexive productive learning, with the aim of defining this last type of learning. Development The pedagogical literature refers to a vast list of the most common types of learning. Among them, receptive learning and repetitive learning have similarities, but have differential aspects. According to Jimena (2011) in receptive learning the learner only needs to understand the content to be able to reproduce it. For its part, the Inter-American University for Development (n.d.) states that in the repetitive one, the learner memorizes content without understanding it or relating it to his previous knowledge, so he does not find meaning in the content. As a common aspect, in both types of learning nothing new is discovered.In the case of observational learning, as expressed by Arriaga Ramirez et al (2006) "(...) the learner observes the behavior of another person, called a model, and reproduces it" (p. 3). Nevertheless, this type of learning in natural conditions and in correspondence with the investigative spirit, the cognitive interests and the level of creativity of the cognitive subject or subjects, can propitiate dynamic interaction around an object with the consequent association that this generates with what is already known and with the experiences of the actors of the process. However, as defined by the previous authors, in group-class conditions, in observational learning, the learner is presented with learning situations so that he or she can reveal the knowledge that is pre-established in the curriculum, in such a way that the learner does not discover anything new. He only perceives with his sensory organs what is captured in the teaching content and which he should not exceed. In the case of significant learning, according to the Universidad Interamericana para el Desarrollo (n.d.) the learner relates his or her previous knowledge to new knowledge, thus giving it coherence with respect to their cognitive structures. It should be noted that this knowledge is new to the learner, but has been introduced by another (s).According to Suárez Portelles, González y Leyva (n.d.) the learning developer guarantees in which he learns the active and creative appropriation of the culture, propitiating the development of his constant self-perfection, of his autonomy and self-determination, in intimate connection with the necessary processes of socialization, commitment and social responsibility. Unlike the significant one, in the developmental learning it is emphasized in the transit from current development levels to levels of next or potential development. It is emphasized that this transit is stimulated by learning situations through which knowledge accumulated by humanity is recreated, which is new to the learner but was introduced by others in previous moments and which is pre-established in the curriculum and is reflected in the teaching content.According to Barrón (n.d.) in learning by discovery, the learner does not receive the contents passively; he discovers the concepts and their relationships and reorders them to adapt them to his cognitive scheme. In this type of learning it is suffered of the same limitations that the developing learning. However, it is emphasized that in both, the teacher has possibilities to stimulate, through the interaction of the learner with the object of knowledge, not only the transit to levels of potential development, but also the transit from an initial moment of assimilation of accumulated and systematized knowledge by humanity in a certain science or area of knowledge, to a qualitatively superior moment characterized by the introduction or discovery of new, unpublished, original knowledge that enriches the theoretical body of that science or area of knowledge.Following Gómez (2013) and Escalante (2008), through inquiry learning prepares the subject to face problems with a critical spirit. They emphasize that through this learning the individual is involved with a problem and from this perspective, must provide solutions. However, this is a teaching methodology through which the student has to find solutions to a problem situation from an investigation process, but this problematic situation must respect what is captured in the teaching content and its objective is focused on preparing the learner to face problems with a critical spirit and to perform adequately in cooperative work. It only provides the learner with dynamic scenarios for the search for solutions that are unknown to him, but which have been introduced and systematized beforehand.Like learning by discovery, learning by inquiry presents possibilities for stimulating the transition from an initial moment of assimilation of accumulated knowledge by humanity, to a qualitatively higher moment of introduction or discovery of new, unpublished, original knowledge.Something similar occurs with Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and formative learning. In the first one the problem is presented to the learner, the learning needs are identified, the necessary information is sought and finally the problem is returned. (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 2008). In the second one, in cooperation with the teacher and the group in designed situations of the teaching-learning process, the one who learns transforms reality and transforms himself, being responsible for that process and its result. (Bermudez, 2001). It is emphasized that the problems presented must respect what the curriculum preestablishes and its objective is focused on achieving changes in the learner, changes that are new to him and allow him to move to a level of potential development, but which are planned and anticipated. In these types of learning, the learner is also provided with dynamic scenarios of searching for necessary information that are unknown to him, but that the teacher has previously planned for him to discover and with his appropriate guidance facilitates.Finally, through the different types of learning described, and others referred to in the scientific literature, the learner assimilates objects of knowledge that have in fact been introduced by another (s); assimilates the system of written language, but this system is already elaborated; assimilates the elementary arithmetic operations, but these operations are already defined; assimilates the concept of historical time, but this concept is part of the existing cultural baggage; assimilates the norms of social relationship, but these norms are those that normally regulate the relations between people.So during school learning, the different teaching tasks, learning situations, and problems that students encounter allow them to uncover something that may be new to them, but is not unfamiliar. Therefore, in dynamic educational environments or not, active or not, participative or not, cooperative or not, etc, the learner reproduces knowledge, since he or she incorporates what is new for him or her, but was introduced and systematized before.Finally, at all levels of education, emphasis is placed on conventional learning in which the knowledge accumulated by humanity is reproduced. However, in all scenarios and discourses there is a call for a productive-creative intellectual activity in the school, for the active and creative appropriation of culture, etc.In this sense, is the productive-creative intellectual activity susceptible to be developed in educational scenarios? Or is it the mission of institutions specially prepared for the production of new knowledge that enriches science? Or is it only possible in areas of professional-productive performance?On the other hand, is the active appropriation of culture synonymous with productive-creative intellectual activity? Under what conditions is the active and simultaneously creative appropriation of culture possible? From our vision, the potential of classes in almost all educational systems can be used to stimulate the creative activity of students. Very few classes take advantage of these potentialities to stimulate productive-reflective intellectual activity. In many cases the conscious, dynamic and active action of the one who learns about the object of knowledge is confused with the productive-reflective intellectual activity. In this sense, in dynamic and active classes in which the teacher facilitates and stimulates the leading role of the learner on the object of learning, personal growth is encouraged, the transition to levels of potential development. But if this growth does not translate into the transition from an initial moment of assimilation of accumulated and systematized knowledge by humanity, to a qualitatively superior moment in which a new, unpublished, original knowledge is discovered or introduced, which then enriches the theoretical body of that science or area of knowledge, then we are not in the presence of a productive-reflective intellectual activity. We are only in the presence of a dynamic, active and reflexive intellectual activity, but not a productive one.It is highlighted on the one hand, that scientific findings age rapidly. On the other hand, we have that the content transmitted to the student is a finding that may have been overcome in some region of the planet. In this regard, a teacher can create an active environment of exchange and critical reflection between him/her and those who learn about a knowledge object, in the same way that he/she treats in a class a certain content that appears in the curriculum. In this active environment of exchange and critical reflection, the teacher can make explicit some epistemological gaps, philosophical holes, or fissures that are consubstantial to this object of knowledge, with the intention of generating investigative curiosity and interests in which he or she learns by revealing, searching, investigating and/or finding a plausible solution that conveniently satisfies these problematic situations. Thus, this active environment becomes a scenario of mutual learning in which the autonomy and initiative of the learner is accepted and encouraged; raw materials and primary sources are used in conjunction with physical, interactive and manipulable materials; a subject is judged and given an opinion with solid, convincing and profound arguments; answers are constantly sought to problems derived from the solution of other previous problems in specific areas of knowledge around that subject; inquiry is challenged by asking questions to those who learn, and between those who learn and those who teach, that require novel answers; and that stimulate the development of the intellect.Therefore, in an educational scenario with these characteristics, the object of knowledge is susceptible to being surpassed, or at least, the curiosity and interest to surpass it is encouraged among those who learn, with the introduction of new, original and unpublished categories and knowledge that go on to enrich the theoretical body of a science or area of knowledge. This can also happen when critical reflection is encouraged in accordance with the demands imposed by the context, circumstances and concrete historical-social conditions; or when dynamic interaction is encouraged around this object with the consequent association that this generates with what is already known and with the experiences of the actors in the teaching-learning process. Taking into account all of the above, in those educational scenarios that foster critical reflection, dynamic and active interaction, and the association of ideas around the fissures, gaps or philosophical voids inherent to a given object of knowledge, the transition from an initial moment of assimilation of accumulated and systematized knowledge by humanity in a given science or area of knowledge, to a qualitatively superior moment that is characterized by the discovery or introduction of new, unpublished, and original knowledge that enriches the theoretical body of that science or area of knowledge, can be stimulated. This transit is stimulated in the class and can be made concrete inside or outside of it and is what the authors of this article call productive reflexive learning.It is important to emphasize that the reflexive productive learning is a process, because in it, the subject is modified and grows when passing from that initial moment of assimilation of the knowledge that has been accumulated by the humanity, to another qualitatively superior one. This last one is characterized by the introduction of the new knowledge, unpublished, original that happens to enrich the theoretical body of a science or area of knowledge.That is to say, in the process of reflexive productive learning another process is generated, parallel and at the same time: the process of creation. Therefore, in the reflective productive learning the processes of assimilation of the accumulated knowledge around an object of study and the processes of creation of new qualities, categories, synapses around that object are given jointly. But, the new quality is superior to the one that already existed, it enriches the theoretical body of a certain science or area of knowledge, and makes the one who learns more autonomous, capable and independent, it makes him grow. This is one aspect that differentiates productive reflective learning from any other approach to learning. It is not enough that the subject changes. It is necessary that that change implies a new level of self-regulation and creative behavioral regulation that allows a more effective, dynamic and enterprising interaction with the object of study. That is to say, the reflexive productive learning leads to a personal growth and it is translated in the creation, innovation, construction of new synapses, new categories, new knowledge around the assimilated object of study.In reflective productive learning, the creation of the new is contextualized, that is, it is directly related to the object of study that in each area of knowledge is posed to the learner. In this way, in higher education institutions, for example, the introduction of new knowledge and categories goes beyond the limits of the curriculum. This allows the learner to prepare for future working life in a competent manner. Thus, he or she achieves professional success, developmental management, emotional well-being, mental health, and of course, professional and personal fulfillment, contributing in turn to scientific-technical, social, and occupational development.The approach of the reflexive productive learning starts from the dialectic materialistic conception of the world, the man and his development and from the cultural historical theory as psychological foundation of the relation between education and psychic development, as physiological basis of learning, as understanding of the processes of learning and human development and as methodological support for its investigation and application in practice.Reflective productive learning is defined as a personalized and conscious process of appropriation and enrichment of the social historical experience that occurs in cooperation with the teacher and the group in designed situations of the teaching-learning process, in which the learner transforms reality and transforms himself, being responsible for that process and its result.ConclusionsIn many educational scenarios, the conscious, dynamic and active action of the one who learns about the object of knowledge is confused with the productive-reflective intellectual activity.The stimulation of the investigative curiosity and interests of those who learn about some epistemological gap, philosophical hole or fissure inherent to an object of knowledge, contributes to the discovery of new knowledge.The discovery or introduction of a new knowledge favors productive reflexive learning.The transition from an initial moment of assimilation of accumulated and systematized knowledge by humanity in a given science or area of knowledge, to a qualitatively superior moment characterized by the discovery or introduction of a new, unpublished, original knowledge that goes on to enrich the theoretical body of that science or area of knowledge is defined as reflective productive learning.Productive reflective learning is stimulated in the classroom and can take place in or out of the classroom.The reflexive productive learning is a process, because in it, the subject is modified and grows when passing from the initial moment of assimilation of the systematized knowledge, to another qualitatively superior one of introduction of a new, unpublished or original knowledge.Bibliographic referencesArriaga-Ramírez, J. C et al (2006). Análisis conceptual del aprendizaje observacional y la imitación. Psicología, vol.38, (1), 87-102. Recuperado de http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/805/80538106.pdf Barrón Ruiz, A. (2000). Aprendizaje por descubrimiento: principios y aplicaciones inadecuadas. Universidad de Salamanca. Facultad de Filosofía y Ciencias de la Educación. Recuperado de http://www.raco.cat/index.php/ensenanza/article/viewFile/39770/93221 Bermúdez Morris, R. (2001). Aprendizaje formativo: una opción para el crecimiento personal. Psicología. Volumen 18, (3), Recuperado de http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/rcp/v18n3/03.pdf Escalante Cruz, P. (2008). Aprendizaje por indagación. Colombia. Recuperado de https://educrea.cl/aprendizaje-por-indagacion/ Gómez, P. (2013). El aprendizaje por indagación. Recuperado de http://oa.upm.es/33203/1/INVE_MEM_2013_181135.pdf Jimena, N. (2011). Aprendizaje receptivo. Recuperado de http://nelcy-jimena.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-receptivo.html Suárez Portelles, C. V.; Díaz González, M. C. y Suri Leyva, G. M. (2007). Hacia un aprendizaje desarrollador en las ciencias biológicas. Recuperado de http://atlante.eumed.net/wp-content/uploads/ciencias-biologicas.pdf Universidad Interamericana para el desarrollo. (2009). Tipos de aprendizaje. http://moodle2.unid.edu.mx/dts_cursos_mdl/lic/ED/DC/S09/DC09_Lectura.pdfDiosveldy Navarro Lores; Danilo Navarro Lores: Nueva concepción del aprendizaje productivo reflexivo. PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT56EduSol Vol.21 Núm.74 Andrés Ferrer Castillo; Raúl Hernández Heredia; Pedro Planes Cumbá: La cultura organizacional en el … PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT47EduSolVol. 21. Núm.74.ISSN: 1729-8091Publicada en línea: enero de 2021 (http://edusol.cug.co.cu)iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAboAAACOCAYAAABHa82KAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACx jwv8YQUAAAAgY0hSTQAAeiYAAICEAAD6AAAAgOgAAHUwAADqYAAAOpgAABdwnLpRPAAAAAlwSFlz AAAh1QAAIdUBBJy0nQAAQr9JREFUeF7tfQmYXEXVdieZnpksoIBASHqSsGg0CuqHy4eKfKgooiDw IyibIPALIhi2DwRlEdmVRWRHUDYBk8lkAREEBGRHCWHf9zUQErbsk+99q6t7qm/Xvbfq9r29zZnn 6ad7uuvW8tby1jl1zqnc9Hz+6OtyuVVz8heKwFW53PBp+fwxN+dyowQmQUAQEAQEgRZDoC+ffwKL +Mt9nZ3brMjlhrRY9TOv7syOjo2Bz8PAZ/G1udzKmRcoBQgCgoAgIAikiwCJDov4Crz6saBPndLd PT7dElozN5Da6sDkQryWaXyE6FqzK6XWgoAgMNgRMIiOZLdiWmfnO72dnb+gum4wYnNfLpfv7ej4 GXCYqwlO4SIS3WAcDdJmQUAQaAsEgkRXWtwh3T2N1w6DRZ3JdqLtW2k1ZYnczHeR6NpixEsjBAFB YNAhEEZ0hjRzz/Surs3blfDYrmldXV9He28PSHBBshOiG3SzQxosCAgCbYGAA9GVFnwSwXeuzuWG tUPD2Q6oJ7fA67YYghPVZTt0uLRBEBAEBi8CHkRXOsN7AM/sPiOXG9GKqP09lxsJ9eSeILgHHAlO iK4VO1rqLAgIAoJACQFfojPO8N7As6fAcOUTrYAmyG393nz+NLwHjUxs53FyRtcKnSp1FAQEAUHA BYGkRGdIQ8vx+U6cc+3XN3z4GJcy65WGrhKQ3A5C/e7De7+nBCdndPXqKClHEBAEBIEsEQABHErT +RpJoKTWJOndTvcEEOhnEUmkI8u6B/PGuVtnX0fHF1GHo9Cue1MgtxLZLUde59e7PfXETsoSBAQB QaCtESApUepJg+wCebyOvKfhu0NmDhv2PzNGjfpIWtabyGforBEjRkOS/BaI9Zco5xqQ0bzU25DP PwWr083aegBI4wQBQUAQGAwI0FEaRHEwiGJB6mRRdLimM/pSENILeP2DEhK++yVibe4BovrejI6O TSCNfY5nafjuk3htgO8+39fVtSl+33ZaR8dP8NvReO4ivG5BHq/gnRKk6xmbb7qFKO94Gq8Mhv6X NgoCgoAgMGgQmNbd3QPyuDJFtZ8vwTQ+PaTDVjGyGTQDUxoqCAgCgkDaCECC2hiEd3eGElPjCa1a GpxNVSiwlODWaQ8oyU8QEAQEgWZE4Cicg8Ekf/uIsFjNSFb+dcrnH4cqdKd2cYZvxrEkdRIEBAFB oKkRoLUhiQDqzAfbScJDex5Cu3bl+WRTd4BUThAQBAQBQaA+CCjCQ+BjkMPNeM/SEMRfKnM3SlkO CfUmtgMSa13dH+rTS1KKICAICAKCQBoIDJmZz38aEtE5IIy3W0TKewsEdyatOuUMLo0hIHkIAoKA IDBIENCxI3fUfmypOJ6nSJwf0I9vemfn9wfr/XqDZBhKMwUBQUAQCEeAztBpOXGDTFaF/9vOIKqr aogpWYvakrekv4ryL6ERDW4JXzmtvsdlrJtAddudVn6SjyAgCAgCgkCdEAAxPIlX39ThwwtpFkkD j6l0+O7sPBBS1RSU8Rw+L0tRWqMD+hLG6sT7FSDsn9HJPG3LyWm53IdR53NRxsJLUyTONLGWvAQB QUAQEAQiECDR6agl8xCZZO+0iaJUNKXGqSNHroEyvgpy2gukdALKvRwEcpOy5mTElM7ON/SZ33y8 M5wXQ4g9h99no543wIn7Ejx3LD7vBglrI0qQWXUu64uytkf5L2pyXixElxXakq8gIAgIAhkiUCK6 kqQFUrmLobcyLDIs6yEkWUqCDM6s3xtyyStDkAGX6wPS5+K+XG6lBuAiRQoCgoAgIAjUggAW9Kcs 6kSqGC9OW51ZSz3r8aySOPP5s5RKtNpdQYiuHp0gZQgCgoAgkDYCWNhtRFcyCHmPgY17c7nV0i63 mfLjOZwOGB0V0FqIrpk6TeoiCAgCgoArAjFEV7p1YB6JYEYu9xHXfFshHQkcktuReL3pYCQjRNcK nSp1FAQEAUEgiIAL0RkkMB+EdyosHNduZSRndXWtg3O436FdNHpxdWcQomvlTpe6CwKCwOBFAMT1 tMdiX5LwluC5Xu2DN7QV0KOhC6w2vw1i70N7bWdwcYQnRNcKHS11FAQEAUHAItF5E51JjCC8Z/A6 Bt9NTMvxPK1eYn0QquxTPGcEwT3vS+hBq0s4jI9Kq26SjyAgCAgCgkCdEAAB1ER0hltCv/Z3OxrE siEDQNepCRXF0DUBd+l9Ce06LuXrhRYjbyG6RnSqlCkIeCDQ09Nz9Pienj+MKxROGz9mzEYej7ZE 0vFjx/4P2nY624jXL1Dppr0/E3X99vhC4Qxd18kNA5gSWY2Sjl3ll8+/AuL7y/SOjn1QxmeyCp91 SS43kn5/KGsy1al4n5tJezo7G0J0HCjjenqm4XUNBsxV66yzzofSGCyYKMchv5l4zcAgPDyNPLPI A/X8Gdrey/bjcx/qe1AW5Uie6SGA8XREacyq90Jhj/Ryj81pCMp8B3VYoV+NW1xjq5osAfA80mjf S81MdKjrqeW6FgoPJ2txCk9lRnTVRh403b8bRHQRXofi83aIkvLFGd3d4yApfSgsIst5cCC/PJdb hQYwWlL7AZ49Aq9L8bofeb2fEbFVEDjKWdQIiQ4D5WBjUPePGzdurRS6PQfC+LeR741p5JlFHli0 /mbUcwX+/2cW5Uie6SGAMfsfs8+4QUsv99ichOhiIapfgsFIdFbJDwTSD6JaTMLC6y2oHF8B+b6k 3othwD7QxiNMF2cwktnvQnT1mxxmSVgkbwwQ3R2NqYmU6ooA+uyhQJ/BVbVuf0J0dYM6viAhugaS VhLCFKKLH9RZpMCi+feAdHBbFuVInukhAKl7dqDP/ppe7rE5CdHFQlS/BE1DdJCcnk2y8A+2Z0h0 vHuvfkOkWNJgV12C6K7EorlML5zLeaZY7z6Q8vwQANHdjP5aXu6znp4L/HKoKbUQXU3wpfuwEF0L SnRCdOlOApfcCoXCcBjgrAFLujFrr732mmuttdYIl+ckTeMQYB+V+ozv48ePr+c9jkJ0jev6qpKF 6ITonIbjYJfonECSRILAAAJCdE00GoToWpDo6MpQ7zEkRFdvxKW8FkdAiK6JOlCITojOaTgK0TnB JIkEgRICQnRNNBaahuhgyv/cYDMsSdJeGqOIRNdEM0iqIgjYERCia6KR0TREB6tLIToH6ZJEB3O/ uhtCiETXRLNWqtIKCAjRNVEvCdE5kEsSySurZ4TocjlYPn4OkVm+gdeXJ02a1BmcT+uNHr06TMr3 hnn5X/C6C6/78boFrz/CLWDHNddc0/mMk5Z7KGeS7TVmzBjrRcCo37oImbZpqY4+5dnWhk022aQD FoMbMb8JhcImYeVanh2CZzbEJP8l8JiC9t9J3zK+A4er8f0hE8aMmZhkPVpvvfVWhiXqV3UbJ9ny oJXj2mPGfGztQuELiPX42bhyVl999VHAbVu1KBUKs1Dnu5UvXKFwL76jH+N5KhQb2rRJRAxb1i2s z2oNXYc2j2UoMdTlArxuZPQVHYGF4+tyYo0++paqQ7IQYENQxnpo8w+Q12+QxxUsB//fp/0C79Fh +E7HONu+1vYE+4TzCdh9TZWNUHd6/nDM3K375Ay8785+xe9HNTIEGDDuItaoxwk6hKAaL6wz/+c4 Qlt2wWudtIiO6wHHKONmopzrVL8UClxf6MpyHtcX9n3oWIfqstao/plFI8mKtJLkK0SnfPoGYgiO H19eQEkoGGgnYsC9V+EoPBBvUMUdxPOvcpGIW3j5O9JtFZpXSLxLpJ8ceOZAl7LC0mCiftcMvzZh 7NhPx+WHem+sJnxPT38UFso3sFCYPnbs2I/G5Wn+jvy3LOULPB8J/PYVLpL4/V0jzaLVVlttpZAy OrB4HIa0b8XUtRQ3cgXq/AoI4fO2/MaNHbtXWD6o104+7SylXXvs2A2A51Q8v8Sxju8bPnys92SX cpH/dIc+K+OA9Auw2B9fq7sLNyVaa/OiY/s4rsx5VrdYl9wQoa6/wus1x7rSl5L9UcQtQazLDTfc ME98MAbeiC2zUJjH+pGIq/pciM4trJgQXYDoIDlxMIEM1sYAfDB2EA6QHifqPnGLD/L9vi/R0c8O A31ReZHHbjiunKjf9a6+NEnvQ9qoKPFDUe6vA4vsAEEESN9o23to63au9TSJjqSjnxuKdh8XUnY/ Je0q6RuLAdp3rUe/ldrST8nHSnSQ+tIiOkqOxBPtWpqgjibubkSHwOGJykHMWBu+Lv2ppP6enscS lTswnupCdBh33EQ9W1NdPYmOvrNKCxI+d+zzC9IeNpCFij4QonMjOkiBCwf7GZ0p0WGSfoeDCQPx +cBAnIvvuGicgtdJ+DwtsAOlZLcoTjpC/l/nQl5+mRJSxA0GWqIpTYDlYYty3EI0EVIQ6l2WYCGt 7B/xzBCUe1rVhCwUnsF3vEplH0o0+v1stOllMy0wWorvtomrk5Z0TYluAb4jyVWXrRcHSkI2NZuu lymhLKFKSO/Y92B98dpT/38lfnsOz3CTwoV1mK2uE3p6dij1F6V3nb4kzTtLdNyR49kplgXufV3H 49kfKOunSHMYyjpHqfoKhYWWZ5yIDs8dwWcpOegyGHX/AKoLFRZFafUkvOZY+vkG9oNL/5XSIN/N g/OCeCniKxSoKv5ftg+Y/hyfT1DjmvOhWlOQOdFxI2ZuIHX7ORYexPdna4l0H/xPjcpJqOdMtON1 C07OtxesvcYaa1o2Acvw3T/VNUzsF6pHgRNeVJcuDsypxyBtf6TcJylcSDooVJckOkQTHu4zmNNI qwdReTfdyNsLTKLjWQZet5cGl1rYCoUfM5JJsN3cmfUUCjdUDETPUF7If0H5+QiiI2EEJhjv6/L+ Qz4/NNq2OGrXzgkXWNTnEwsUmrcVrM4bitJfWVpB++ZPGD16fFxFA6rLRZpAB9SkJNdx407Ewvz/ lBoV56lBSRTqsk+YZaOuT+M8b/2YsoeOX2utj/PaqLg68nd1VmYsPqyny3NMg8Xsj4GxwnYeHyc5 oa2rKFLq6TEXPSei47wCLlTHx92jOZSEXjEeuakYP35b1/bxrBvtK6uXNcHezXvmYghzmD77NeO/ Zkp0+u67spZE1/WfPLsOjqtA+6kW/2+MrduMeetKdEPx3PUB4roranPMs0s8c2vgmd5yHUF0LyQ5 sxqEzyzEXSNCdCVJoafnDmMA30cyi5ro+hzvYWMgLoNxR4/r4uBMdMUzj/JukofkMRPSWgUeqpeJ DhJqWD1poIJ0cw1SnM+FzKVdWDB/hOdKMSEpTVwR91wF0eGcD21V5yUkFW6KbEZCwTw1yZY2T8u4 eMaV6/t7UqKjUUFgsXod9fuSR/l1sbpUF4pW9t11LnXkPEA/Px7YjP2BZ1Euz6uNQJ3uo+PGAfU0 zw77ueFAFawSva3+SO99Hx3GOOeFeS58vctZqDrv5L2dxrM0mlH1EqJzV10K0RnGKAMHzE/H7bRL EyB47oaF/icek9tJomN+GOi80diUgq3WiWFlfwwqD1MNhnp+Lywtyjk2IH04Sy66rrQiLNV1KS3V ojCpOKMznsP3oXUM5meezeFzTeeYYXVNQnTK+rNSrftBmOFLBEZ1ITpFOJVnnO/btBlV2MNYIjBe /oQ0XjeE143oCoXfBQj5DNf5Wp7znkSHHVeeGgZjE/1KhQoypgLog1VLmz+dR/GuTSE6IToMCKeL VytUl8VFtp/m/K6DnwuBmQc+X+z6rKtEpxagceP+KzBBj3EtRz9fth6kStZqxYWE/N6cVPh8p085 TKsO3CvPFyJve7cRHb47yadckpshgV7p86xr2iREx/OoAAn8r2t5Rrq6ER3quptZX4zvSPWvInLD whX9/uwkfOfbxnoQ3eiiq5BpMflQ2DyIqr+vRAeS2zowd/f2xQd5HGRuHkGU44ToHP35YHUpqkvT vaCoLsOFDn5/eGZAj44zPtenfYhOkVVPzwOG6vFRfOVsLIBnbzKI4LSwOmJh+1ZAxbKja3vMdMiD vmtFo42YG9QtRPceJVCfclHGLa7l+eRrpk1AdEOwQJkXtr6U8NaDuhEdXR8C/b95FF5BYsSY3iMJ vvUgOtS10lUHPmwJ6+qlusTY/Isx9952UVkG66XOW3t6BtxRYLiSg9Xli4PwvM3bgEaILuBeUPSL 2dp38GMAXmioJZ52fd6X6FDGgcYi1K8NDWKLo2Mynivdf7cCDtefCXsIdSqrdpSqc/z4D8cWYElg 7kDZzqjzmiDR0arVt0y073wDmyVRbfTNu5Tel+joaK40BAPWor9JWHbdiE5dQWTWGQZAkUQHa0Sj ffNdVJ22/OpCdJVGJHRjiTPSsTbdU6IbZlpr4tnE2gbgXHZ5Qj5nU6ITonOQ6kh0N+dy9bxXSw0c GhiYC3azWF1iQL6bJPII2kN/r5LJ+WtootP5hC/REacKlSAsEV0WTtTtAKN+90fVDwT1L4O073XJ 35aGB+ZmH68bYaRjkegm+5YbKI9S5PNYdL/gm09Uem+iKxT2NaWjBGdzperUjei4sakgOvh+hmFC IyGMl3nGeLk6Kd5ZEx1da8wzatT7/Brq6izRMXhCYLOzb+JyDckQ9b9BiM6B5CjxCtEFJDqoIJMM Qgzkww212RvIw0ml6Et0rBv9eYyF5RkHUh2C9PeUngGpRJEIVW3lhcvnvDGIW1AFxjPGMGyDRIf/ N0vQD0NBbn+rULvB1QHfXW5zR0iQv7d7gelSgM8LkpwH6XqmRnRKBYYzaO1Kszuw3pUGVcrHEy4a 3JC4Ep1yzTCtAXEemQRXvfk90sgrdfcC5RZQWdcf1VBXZ6Kj0VdFuQi7l0a5GE9zhOiE6Chd+Ruj FArnJhmEGMyH1ovo6EtWsZhjAkfVmfEnkV6Z+4O4FjHSSlh6OmGbeWtH379iUfR+0UHZzItRKFyJ jiq/JP2g3CIQQSJAdqVzQjqHnwyp6lMOmwNr8b4SXYUPFKKNJGlTGkSnIv1A+kf7n7RhE/UdSTCs 3vjNDCe3Av9/I2kbs5botF9o2bzf1V3G1h4f1eWEceP2r5hTjLOaYD7xGZT7qJHXkzyje0nO6OIt LynRwUSw4arLOH8118mDgfAfYyB4Ex2eP8q1LDNdPYlO+9WYPm6hhiXBnTLa1xfVProB+C6Erumj /MaCEl1VqCOPTlE+XQzAa48oUrSqhcGQXsCdfadYBW+i6+l5orwBQtxJj2YEkyaS6HguivIZcswW XcUllBvJK5zoAnFAkwb1rodEBwwOMcZqfy3HJT5ER/xd54hPOmwknxCi85DoGkF06NDymRE7dx2a yqbwV2HhhigELlli0A4EdY6IThIpNdVRomM9gNmZxqR4gTcShNSPYbweKaeNCclFacdnsnmlNQJm B+saJLooqdOlT5lGq+B+jQUhKpYho2FMcM3Tk+gYCYPhrUpxRXH1Y+I/b6LjhsgMEBCQKhbzDBOv +5HmXjVvUFcbIUYRHfI0jaNIimslbWHWEh3qWvYN5Tl35K0AMY3wJDqGDXTaVPikowU2VZci0TmQ XaMkOjpVV0y8hKqq4HjEAKR6qrSwOO2gK4gOBJxkotZTomP9aNSgJBPdVl63Y6u39r1T6dDO1+NM 20E4n6zol56ei/Dd9mm8aAwQhm0WRGeUxbBNm2JhuAgYzK9aTLDAu0oivkQXsLZz9q+04ORNdCj7 rEBbGZrtMhrt6DihQYOpoTR7p9+cObYiJTrGrjQW8XXWXHONJPOnThLd8YZ0vYj+fzXU1fmMDmWa RLccGwqei9Y8p3im2gpE9wFUq7OhYu3F60x8PgqvA/u6uvad3tGxz7Surv1AQof25vMn4ftL8Plf eL2TgTr2g2tzuerrH5KOAMfnVKBcY4JgciU+oDWKpBnvQMDiQuFPLtVpRaJDu2hgUmlqbGks0pxs 4BwbAUKd5VSGKTrIBcNa02RMdOXqcXFTDtympWDRz+8BF0MRT6KjYU850DV9qWrAyYvo9EbIDMP2 Iu/xcynfx+oyqJnxCX9n2aRma4zS03OMQXSM1rOKCx7WDaRHZBSUebQxp/p9IqLE1g/k8XIGpODt p1aqA6/DgZR5Hf7fH++fxd0ozjHgSo2F3W7n9K6uzZDHxchvQUrtawzR4ZJNc0Gl5Vdsp8Yk0FEP zMj1J7jk2aJEV+GiQWnN4qdG4i9LuFFWjyWcdJQLE0PGAMz8r15EV2oI1ZUYfxWGGS6h2zyJjn1k qo15G0DSPy+io6WpMb8YcowGOE5/XkQH6aRiYxShno4rvA6qy4rjEm7q4uoU9ruP6hJpK1xMGKg5 ablVzzUL0aEez03v7Dxo6siRiUV6GyggvQ8h7z1Bdnfj1V8D6TWE6GhsYKpH8Nkr3JMNE0Ykr1C7 4aDcZUC1KtHp26nLEe3LgV51oxnlv7yDpT7f7Y8Lqhk8uhYpxK1EpKo30bFivKUc+AzctBATvYXP +BIdfZ0MVfpTyMLJv9ICnDPRaQOUNw3p5WznjiAuHn506LdvBuZcpHN5VD2yJjqqCyvqStVfwj8v osPVX2a5wXmasArFx5qA6N6G1DU5a2fsFZg4aOsuILq3E5JdQ4gOXdShzowGztNuq6nDOUF7en5R MaDGjv2iS56tSnRsG+pejmrOMyizvfjtbAMP51vJsTj/wyDIx2pYnF3gV2kaQXSK7My2Fgpvx1XY m+gqjYaWMupIXBkhvzsT3YQJE8YHtCVb+pTpQ3S6LDPyi5MWxVafrIku6NfZM3bsoT64BOaW8xmd xqisRuY6lbTcquew+L+ScOFPrJ4sqynz+eundXc7X9WCWEcfRn0/A2LcAmdyOyOfbfCaBDt3J6dj Nr63q2tdPHNfXJtRzmso53yoT3eans9vAGsN+lQl3WXW1F+m4zMG+ZJaLe1oMm5M8Pddzlw0WQxY XbaIMUoJeBoKGG1+q2RsogIz9/SUr7rxcd9AfuWzDHxejmfXramjHR5uFNFh3JmXuy6Lu1bGl+iQ Py+mNVXBXrdAGNA5E502QBooM8JR39Y1PkSH53kD/QvGxmi2Q3dbk2RNdOriWzMYgoMEH9YWH4mO 66tpJBcX99ULPyzkjSC6fhiTnAKCcoqfhvO2tVHPKSCeJRaC6sdvT/XCMAVqSidfH94UjnyuNPNC 3svx/xzk9VvUbdPzEpwNegHvkRiDjjcpm2a3kRHuo7Lm5YVclI38ZrpWpZUlOmVCbkSOB2FspSSV 4r1iJetTZyz4bNCiE/gkjc/o2gUNk+jMBYsm51y4oyrtS3RIvzryLV/wycDTzqBUJnQmOj0XTKLz uffOS3WpxhpuDq+YxzEBDCLII1NjFF3Xq4y6Lh8/evQnkvSHJ9FR2/QHo1zeWZnOOV29iQ6EwnOy w1xBm9bR8SU881acBKZ+pxFLLhdqmm2WSSkQzxyJZ05C/lvDonJ11zrVOx0ce9cwFwEu2An9cBj6 qSIKBybfD13b08pExzaaZuT4rC45RfsvKe+yY4LyWnAaCkwGbklAQOZaHLhd+qFREh1wKt8UDewe j6urL9Gpvhg37mpjkaOz+jZx5Vh+dyY6bH5GB86inM6qS2V6SnQ5WnOiPPM2eIbRc9rsm+3MWqJj WQwtV0HKhcKsuM2Nra98iW6d4u3rJkZTkG/tmrR6Ex3Kc7ZOm9LZ+VGQ0ZtOJFfyhcvnr/FRZSaY SA15hOdKFZOyp+dmzyssqBYoB1RmXrQ0dFVbKqKovKanJfzozM7CDv6LpUmEtiygL5PhZjE3znfO 1vEqDmKlm8FtCOCb2O8obnA1gugYrsrUAgC7c+LqmYTotCpx4OYIbOgodcWVFfjdmejw3LAKt4ZC 4Q5+51qeL9FxwQ5uNGFwwWg9zkcveh5mLtGxTqjrnQEJ9Ghf0vElOo1RRRxWurm49kloOpxFvepF JA7O1WH54VxtBoxCnDoVxikdkLTuTFS3fH73moFpsgxo5m36vmmiuttlIaCUQd+kgPqT0Rl29mlm qxMdJ29FRJienr8amJzpg4WRlnkOWAwWNxB34WB9ok9+mmRjd65pEB0cMZ2lCIYjA0blMGr4vMzF /SIJ0alFPOi8zbMibCY8FlgfoqOqrEKdyM2gK/EkIDqqOz+BMgcuNC0GKLhyPVx06jpe6iHRsS6Q QD9PNXWFlI1rtnz86hIQnQ2j5SjzRN9rjSrS14voaN15lYd6EKS4VyKSKxLxQ+0o1WHC/7hCrC9K Ekvx/Y0gvEPVIjh+/EaUXLAL+iYG2X5YOKbivTp+X6GA7nDbdJQmYBsQHVUy5aDS5gTmpHZdaILp 9B12z1dI3MAceF1sRNcIPjYMz62HwNM7a/Xpmy535qVBdCp+Je6x49kvA/YGI7GoGKHjxn0Z7bmA xk+BDdIFLjglJTp1C71xA3pZrQzpAnXZk5Z5NtLjNTjrAk+0Z4eAmn9yVH0Z6SWQnvcs3oDX5hEL 61A6fAOnbc35GBUZxawD5uaPTAlZtRGETlIg7mHl0oGarjBIN8Pok9RvLzDrivow0PKAKrG4kXsD 9T2RqtgQjdAQakuUGxPWpnJdC4WHXcYO0wCjXYMYaV/Xw2kVatusMXYr1z7gcwgNWfD8PeWxUi+i g49caMDTYONJUqjXkzUQ3QpaZ7qC2krp0HlHWMjOLz4cooJ7qj0VRO1AdNqnruwTpifhgx4Sg3W4 rIO7tDC5yoGJA+SwDNi9ikn/ML5/EJ8ZU/IDSz/uEzcWayU6fUNDxcJFKQ2vt1D/53UcR3MXP2Cs gcXDddwkJTq2H320ql6obOO6H/jN5zkh6jwHnx816hxsF5+PJDqWhzR7VxFPUdJajLyfUsTLuwcZ 67LoPE+JrKosV6LTc2mPgLRkWpwyviYtNB9UGohC4RmtzTGNyErpMyU6jQ9vGzdVymZdF6EdDLag 6sqxjbq+a8OT4z9ufAdIdi/LRqtU9gfERc+nRzi/UG7FvMZ3SydOnFi02cCZWeaqS5DOP+nH5tpI hPb6ci0kx2eh9qxLSCbXNqWZDjsl7iRfCiymsWSnJbtj40zDw+raDkSnFpnAXWxo18Fp9I9WZV0Y nHAe/XRyXD1qJTqLBW/suOEiB4zO9lEd1UJ0xEA7cx+Ochd44GdrSyzRsTxIENsrSaWGoMI+RMcy KU1TzV1LmVwHat2kxY05XdeNUdf7a6qrJ9EpkoVlag3l9jMmrWof/cVqJRWH572sp+C3dqxDnpF+ fL1wH3DpwFIauhzQX64R8Sx96llKOwmxCLEI7IvXHVWql8rJulxJGrxjyyP6vK1OKOdWtZOmZFI8 N/H+w51Tu/B5vSP/BzJwOrNF+luMsnf0Lth4AAsS7wZ7UklZ2In6+M65lMvJhXzPVBKSZedvLBaU CuYCj+l4380leC7y/oraxaJPuQD4nJew7jiv3QDlnUdJBfkEJdsgUcyl+tVFpRrEZYMNNhhJSUiN Pez0k0a54NkV6nkA8rgV7+/FLbTczFHKw+vPeGZ33rvn0mdMQyyV2gtXWEVIEiWMKF29qYnqQqTf L7ElNIx98PyfkB+lOJvUZvYL5/PrVK9iLBztGpfTFYOYdMPQxu+g/MtRPmOT2iToyroWJa2/oX2/ ZISdhPXo4N2SyOcaLdlGbc54gfDjeJ1FNW95E1AHonv/77ncSJ8GQsq8vlaig0TnGspJVY2RWVDm PLzewrN/ge/e5q5+eT5tyyKtkiS48+HtxzjHwPv/x/tOGBxfo6qu3NlZFC55RiEwjJsLhn9Cn+yi +2VPbhLYN/wtqXSdAuxDGPNUWaIWCluTaFHPn3D8UGPAyPw+Frkp1Cc2C57B8HyGPpAV9QWeyhwe hh5RNz/EFmAkIDZqU8G+GjduL/Yd/t+VZQObL9A1AcmdjXocyx6mQv4VbzX/Yalcnlfx9m11/lS8 3sfZMtSx3CTJhk0YPRr7Z9y2XijsqMZ2JUaf14EtUq0rVefK/5FjFjYLHLPc0OC1DUlfB4Ku1h5m TXQgDa8ArVRxguheSIHo5vuoS9nTKHdGRbn5/KOMk8kg0UlGgjwjCAgCgoAg0AQIZE50+fwxPs2E KeBwkA2v5qkpxBgIdikDOvuUzet+bOUCoxfx2zlZx+P0qaukFQQEAUFAEHBEAAv767WSStTzsLbc 1rEqKhnI5MMp1affJ44my57R1fXNiLIX4/xuZZ+2SFpBQBAQBASBJkAga6Kbms97RTaYPnLkmikR HSXCST4Qq5iaIZIk42z6Sog+ZUtaQUAQEAQEgYwQyJrorh4xgoe2zn+wfvxIakSHi1udCy5KkzRI sd5ZJ0Tng6SkFQQEAUGgiRDImOiW8Wodn+ZCahqFOi1Lg+xmdHR4RbtgeDIQ2kLrOZ1IdD7dKGkF AUFAEGgeBLCwv5EGqYSQQ79P2C+i8hAsHFGnd1KpU0fH53yQJtFFGMIsgfmol3GLT9mSVhAQBAQB QSAjBLIkOhWhJJ9f36fq2r0glTvyZubzn/IpG6HLh+trhGwWn0t8pVOfsiWtICAICAKCQEYIgIwy k+iUVIYbun2rDnJ8OAWJztvqksYrEeUK0fl2pKQXBAQBQaAZEIAEMzcFUgn1eUP+f/RtJ+pza611 QrmL6JPnUzYsRHcVovNBTNIKAoKAINACCNSB6Ob6xo8E2VxZK9FBknzKF35gcZkQnS9qkl4QEAQE gSZHIGuiI3EgWLLXBZ945ohaiQ6O6jDgdP+jMzjKnB/hR7cUd8mv4p6jpBQEBAFBQBBoCgTqQXQo 46Hzcrm8a4Onwi2gVqLr7eiIvdvLrA+cxX8WVSZDignRufagpBMEBAFBoIkQwOL+Zq2k4vJ8b1eX D/EMQZ6zXfINSbP4quHDGbXf6Y+3K0DV+aIQnRNckkgQEAQEgdZCoF5Eh3LmTenqWscVHVhe7piU 6HjNjms5TIeyTogrixIdjFtW9clX0goCgoAgIAg0AQJ1JLoVuAz1ftfAyEfhrifU7c44Agr+DkJ6 H2rI9VyhhYrzK8hjSVw5QnSuiEo6QUAQEASaDIF6Ep0mk9tcHa9BjB+DtPVWHAkZvy/vzed/5Arx tK6uCSAwJ+d0Et11ItG5QivpBAFBQBBoHgSwgPsQSU13xJUICWXOntLdPd4FBfi2/RfI7uk4smPQ 5ekeBiizUD7yfTIuX6POQnQuHSZpBAFBQBBoNgQaQXQkD174CgOVb7rgcWnR9P9IPPOSRVXZD0OS 2xHAeSOXvJiGaeOMTyzlLO3N5VZzLUPSCQKCgCAgCDQJAljQ6y7RGSSyFIRzimsEk/vgosAbCfDM j0HQk/G+K9Sbn2B8TBc4eQ0P0h+F8he5SnJGumXNTnS84mhGZ+e3gc3BwOY01P1C+BP+kbejQ6V7 Ev4/EJ+3xgZjXZyBDnXBTNK0HwJU2eNseiO8fwvjYYupXV2b9SEAuuuRQvshIi1qewQaTHRFVWg+ /9ssgeaijjJ+4KOqtBBhUxKdIm8QPwjtFqpvXQicgauBxctIezGJMUvsJe/mQgDBG/ZAvy+v0ljk 80+4Hic0V4ukNoKAAwJY9Oa5LI5ZpMFi+zwkrG0dqpkoCW8En9bR8ROU80gK9W8qoiN5Y9HazabO 9WzrApHuEg2vlnsIEtzXMTYWW8bHnKm53Fot1yCpsCDgikAjiE5JHpDi+nK5lYL1hITSATXK3kjz H7wuIlFRraLTRqooqdqkawEJgCHAMKHf9Vz0o4xtllE16Iprlummjxy5JvD7WxptA8a4nUj+2h2B WVDxh5zH39Ms47rd+0Da10AE6k10KO8uWlLamozvP4XF+3bbAo7nFmFxf5bP4/0feF2D1wy+INXc gGcYSSXL88amILopnZ0fR3ufSYPkdB4Q6OSvnRHg5cchavtb5VyunXte2lZGoF5Eh3LegZry55TY gvDzZm/8diAW3g9SXMBTcYUwjVFmjBrVUIluFiLLxKoq8/kXgPX5SmULQ4O+rq5N8foGJNxtobra D+05F68H9TkNz2omyXRoLgQu5rkrtBpp1IpnuBgHt1SdyXV2Xg/V/qg0ypA8BIGmRwAT4O2syQWL 8/VQKa5tA4ORUvD79KzrkEL+y64aNWr1RnUoVbeaoMIIfA42C9+zbSQsG4sh1w4fXoAE/YNGtUfK tSNAC2IQ05+ppagVI+aFMXOJxfCkz9XSudY6yPOCQFMgkCXRYcK+C2li7zDz/96VVlqNZ3EpkFDa 0pstv8YSXWfnBSEqXfoRnsLzyaYYUFKJmhBAH6srqtIgOuTzc7xoiUvJfRk1JiRRGSs1dZE83IoI ZEh0c3ieFIUJyr64RUiOxLfs2gZJdIzHSZcAi/qpHyrJg1px3EmdqxFAX35fE1IqRKekw1zuw1NH jFiL2gioKjsFd0FgUCKQCdHl84+7RPrH4v16KxFdI1SXWv10qw0nWJeeg0Hr5Cw/KAd3CzWadzBi PrxX6uc0JLoWar5UVRDIFoEsjFFcz35QNo0i6qF2TKOMhoQA6+3utkpzUFc+w3v0sh0dkns9EJjW 3d0TDEknRFcP5KWMQYMAyGZuymSzxNVkGeVuhfKXplx+GqRmy2Nxn8XvL+uBYjMmIF6IhrJz1mU3 Y/5Qvw2b0d09DgG8v6zGTz6/A1V+MHbaDP9P5PVOWdf7PJyHgpg+i/K2gVS9PUNp8a5F11B0Zv3U pb+dnfdZDEZqNkah9SYx6Rs2bFMGZuAGlO/wS/2qvpg4c20A49TCAnhjrZbdDiH8NknLepljgZsE 5P8lcywwhi7b7WKY5TBWIjFi+cD02xyHiDK0Jd7XZ70c8s3NxOXQGLeb81kaktHtCsZ5XS7P+qRR lrf5/Gew1rJ+OzAMIOP9uq7TPmU1bVpM2BfSJBoA+arPhJ+CBQvPzDLVNmnWJ628UL/3U5o4zmMB C+oIlLugqg35/HP1Pm/BQvVd1GM2x4sKH4ZoM3g/xrkxSIjJ/Ev93Mt49kW0bTbiLG4elYeKAAMS Q/rf0YeS/RDVpwqvfH4Kyccn4gvJi2b4jNbD9uHzAyCIb5h1mwpLVeR7Bsq3+2uiX9hGjBMns321 UOfzU23twfdvoB191ldn53Y2zGjBjPQ7qbPvYjSg6E0k2op0v2e8WJ9+VPFmcbekcnUprh93BBdN tZCy/pZILDxvVn2JRdenj5QaH64yDDaB5+90WDMWoIxeEpFPOcQC9b4V5Tynxnpn5xwSUgkjfZyw Hb6/x9p3nZ2v4fujSDA2XFUbkH/Iuft7+P4y3z4JlsOxxY2YDiyxMGTOLEdZ9+K3/dve1URPiNSk IA4MgO69U6S5M3bHG3CHjB3ZPuiA/+VgQX4nQHr5Ld5Pxet0Whji/Wj8fhA+74Xffqh2i9yt4i46 DMh98NxhejJchnS34TPvnKPVWfJ2Ig+fxSCNtFysrXXO549LI3+fPDSuFfhxkfbJA31xhUVy2SMq D31zRaJ+Q/2u567ZpY7cSQcXZQYALz1LCRq/z3cZQyj3Md6lGFcux7ZLfsE0qMtZtrxJHEnywzNL MO9Odt08oR+3qKpTR8cXWCfmgfr9Hr9XxdMMGctTEJllRBxW/J3pbOTg0mZgcyOlL5dymCaoacLz v+H3l0ACx2+MuuQyJm/tM7RAemPDDVuVYZklvw9Q5i6u9TXT/RXrKDcSjnUsxRt+MctwjEnakeoz AMMaicQLpMpO/8B14KbakIjMuJubNWLEaO7KQHrHoW1UFfkS3/31qm+pHNT1eFs/wApTLSr1/GsU 0TGYACZt8lBuiKZDVWccVjai480PfA59wGAGbgu3ngtYpJ6Juu0Cv+/mm2dpLJTqFWwTznM3qWHe 0tKzz0VrYSM6lLsdMUQeM33rgPz+4qIFoloaeb/pm385PbURuLkhbixYiQ5SFt0ykNd1nuVfgfyG aP/Isz2fXULpz6W+pTQqMIRh1ORZ3nJuvlz6wqdOTZEWi+k0TzBidzJQR361KRoXXokhjInJXRra /4ZT+xFqrN5tokRiqdvbjfCDahTRaaKxWp069VvRJ+2WuHMTG9HhuWu5cCTYFKk5ggWHVrFVf0pd n+yqqGK++fwZtnxp6YzfbUGbY+esgeURcePcRnRG1B2fskppKeFsFVeuHgs3uvZ7SLrb48aCjehU 2EHcielbtlLTIpg2+mxPPOsiyVXih1slqFZ3wUb3S639z/GlpNe2+gM4vrsMl4GMc/DW+OuDagEd eyxwiBwgUO2cXs8WqXMA+/nprfWsR3mnWFQJ1111yfIZOg79w0Dg/+K9euivHWmAwHOMmZ2dH8X/ G+qzqauCKidDCvpeFG42okOejyK/CmMt1gPl3USywe+sy1R8Zz03xPcLqUkIlsuwbPjtz8brpqoF FKryQJpyerT7u2Ft4ZkMnpuP9xl4P5xGDrOAD1WpKGMifTLxvj9ed9oWbTzzTty9iyES3b+CCznS zSM++rjhVNSBG5YwyZjBxWOPPEAaP0UeS5D3Hcj7ZPZ7aSzAb1eNBRh17EQpkelCiMl6xmliWjWO eHaL/izlh8+UfmZxbPLIhOSAF8/zbOvjHUhfedZeDNV3Eep/Ip65EO9Vl0obecXXl0Y5ITfR4Pt7 ULc9sIZ98mqMR95Hibx5fjeFRGypM8/utmzEOpNZmdix8izMhbx80iwJC9ycWUNqzFgvls+GYQEr v31qLMLrcZ5ZhizaF3pllFLiRkp0xMLFL5NN1RfzVvtnxkjkVqKrnBc0oLjUduanLP9CIvwQt7gu oDRj2UQksrpkAGfns7YiaVSp8HlGHlXnEKIz1wdGYDnYFmZMSTcWAysuuGFhAs260MDjOkiucZjy d85pvF61YPu3uOfDNkwqL2xCaPUbzIO3QOD3OTHr6WLkPTmoIiZWeO5PIc/i5+g/fVtL5Ua0SGJH Uf0f9rTuy+qjARjitFWYOK2a8SExt7Sw+pqVy60S10HN9DsXsTDjnHqrYxmL0rrj9rR0TAvfRhKd bxu0KXtwnL4bdf7kQHQ0TAmVOOhegP6yBSWPXaTSJDpfrJRUUS2pQ6gL/4siOvz2Pt0Zop7HHPtx yNjezbf+celRn62r2oc6xpnxRxDde9jEfzqsXGy0KDFb10iSeZSBCTco1CJY+uOlKLKiEZ91wwJJ MQ4f/k63E2t/YCPk8nxLpKH6JwOJrnRGcVdfLjemJYDQlbwahgsYbC+amHDQ15u0qWaw9QsW8cm1 4skzCmWcgzJmYtJS5UPT9Kh8W4noSGjAzma0MDGsjVFEx7M6lwN6lHm5ZZF6NK6/Gkp0RR+0oEr6 6aREh7z2j2svF3TMKZrgB8s9Ne5Z39+1pWNVWbwSLKaNVtcM1PtXcXXA+vG4dU11OOcnfpZnl0fd GYjyaOUaJNf5lO7j6srf9TGJ7exztsu4dymj4WmUpRT08pmRXT7/GvXovn4sjQRGOyOX9ftY6B5G fWLPD9Ks8ww4j1r7BEGyay2H5zY8YzDzB+k93i5Ex3bwHK0KvwgLtjCiI07cMbtgjj7bxdJn78U9 20iio/9UUHqhVBYl/YZKdPn8U66GUsiDZ2hBw4spcVgl+R3rT5WlJH3rEhDduy4qdLTrQtvchc/o ZnH1h9P5x/Fs1blZ2BhU1pyBjTnLRvtgw+L+Z5N8WQ8a7bnn0uQp0UgeJLupJBOmU2cYEJFdzw8a DRkP0EuYoO7n17s+POO09Unc+YlLPVV0jOpF5pl2Ijq076pgG6P8hCIkuttcMGUajBlGSwmekyyP O+toJNGR0DC+55n1xv9LoiT8CNVlrMVmCUvkcbhForvRFWufdNCCXGYpawdfogOhRKp0jbYdapm7 JMnhcfXW0m455mk5n+5uqyW7NjKqIsY4Ig/Wgy5hKKuqXBja7BVX55b5XVkvJSQw7+d4OJzPnwap 6b9dfHYaBeI0RH0vLQB0Sq93PYDrpBBsD6i1Lu1AdDDrZXirSfSNRP9sjzFMZ+lt6HeEz+vb3GZ4 dheGXRjRAatfuOJNizZLny2HVcmHovLImuhYPoNGsxziRLxUmXADwvtEC9Et5fgPq3MY0SHvz7hi hf7Z3YKV86bCLEf3XehYQL3+aiG6HX2JDharP3dpHy0cLW1z9sPF888Hn58BIx5b2RQeLJur/iRH LTaBB99ZXWRccGi6NFGHy95E5keYc3h423SA6AphwJ2K9i9F+I816l1HZRhjwZKuELXWpVWJjhZ3 kHR3BQY0ofdWtychOiww33TFm2rAZiE6nsFqqek+Smg+85iqzAREt9BVbUk8bQZDXGhdsSa5qWg1 +fw1aFt1mLyYdYguKr5E5+q8rV1dguePsZaeZYkQRyVV/RWidke6at8+WIUmOVtDXtV3XsJ/0LVP mj5dX/H2apvFWBbqzGUY0DdSSmI4nWYGBzveL6KudzaijlzU0SdVCxQWiItqrU8rEh36YUssIE/7 LNjBtImILuZORbMvtIl4cM7UVaKjczHjbQKvxNFkkhAdiCNS9R0cszZrb1ei48Yc5T1Zy1hIQnSz HGOCMu+quiEwh+u8xbPVLgohREeJyyLR/du1LDMd6n2MRfJ9JEleTfsMFpFraxk4cc+iQ6j/PSsu WCmtpHhhq54IBypnU4RiwrNXoSMY5HYG1VJaHcHYiZfo38/F92cpCyQdDxO/7a/UNB0dn2OUeF/w lb68o+Mnvs+lkV4fMlepMNAmOtbW9NdqRKd3rV4huGzjMQnR8dJSV7AbTXRKoszn/x43F+N+T0J0 yNNZNacluqpzYheiQx/+AulqHgtJiM41VmY9iQ64V1n64jvsk/3/eImzhehe8s+piZ8I0SunIdEx OOnJU0eODFX/0UdEq0+vxDsjw/uHyolTVTDkEkJqcZH3sQCN87fJskuporPs1t7j+VQt5bYS0WGj QafmqHG4GDjxNoVn8U4zcjrkWsdPIqLzUFs3kug4ptH+6WFYaUzeA068seA5pOM8owm97eb6JKpL aC7d/5JIdKj3XjFrA8fCKy5jIQnR6auNYhtZT6JDv1YbXSVUNyKvyRZJ9NXYBrdSAprNoqHpqi9h 1hsX7UDFnAwJRxS380z6OwbiTa5R7RvZh5iwv7a2ESGkaqlXqxAdxw7GRlV4LXy3EH14BoNbBzci 1AhQCrNpKNqZ6IAHg0RXbwiK1yEdxHkW3OBxw6TDQVXcypBQosuU6BiYG+2rUseirovQ9jN5zGAb CzyrVFqgap897zO6ZiQ6arSCbWOotSTrA7CsjpKFjVGSvJr6GQBWdY1KUjLB4DoxLngq8p4EcKuc OROX6WEIQ8umZvcRYUxEGxa+PjLBQZeE6KjCtez2+nwGNPra65oepP+Dpf1vUhUdVy6erfLTalei 007RtjOr2+P8vvS9ZRXO9c1IdLTUtoyFeSS4uLFgI4O2kegYc7V63ZsTh4ntd2Bsuy1ldpK8mvoZ hrlKg2QwUS6Ks/rhoTnKuj+N8mrIY04jVZNxg0GbTVdF+AC+C3pXWmm1uOfDfk9CdAxcayE6L78n H6LTqjhb9Iw9Xdo9mIgOi/aGFhX34jhtCnFsFaJDG6uCHkOij40jyja2M9GhbYdY1r+34tZf2xzC nLH5G8JToc3+1OIScmuuK5nwnCTOb4iwaV+eNM4Aa8oD9U10uWG9uh64nxuikjoxaR2SEB3GxZYW oosNb2XW0YfopnR3j7ectS12vQm5DYjuJtf+DZG2nczCW4HolCq6WmpZFhe2roRfOxOddV4Cq6mI les6fgycZlepQXHptW8+LZG+1iDPIA6nu4xsh6iuZJpmurBLLJulsxiLMsTKbDHDhCWpZxKiC4n6 scQl2kOpjj5ER5WUhVifdW1vqxMd2u5sXYs5d7RFonNy9G0JorNFCYKE5zoW2pno9Cagygo1TjUb xO6qUaNWB05V7kwUSFxxbql0Wqr7d2Iycbx0FR1R7RTpccaWuH7VZVzZ7B0EkumztZe+S0mMapIQ nXaGrrrShZFJXPHzITqopTaqWrxhLehRVquf0T3m2lYsRlVGS8C6bYiOZ7KWsfCyKz7tTHTEAH39 gGVT6Oy3p/KwncGD+BoRLMO1X2tOp8IoJTTxdzkXQAUZiNTmI1aTGjIh+R1SM2AZZ8BAr7QuC1Fh Ps7ffaqQhOiYv/VM1cMR1ofoUNZES3sXw0FolEtbW0miwx1t37JIZO+4nh+jrVVm4ZhfTuenrSDR zSpegRRcG5ah7pGh1QaD6pJtxHw+wjJ+lsT5LJfwYUQbbKYfsZAl3I/b/A+7xCkJiSP0KhQTMuSd eSDpuPpjMXgj6vqLZupiLGa2QLGlyc8QSAcwMKtLnZMSnU1FhnIZ3d9JveFDdDqWZZW7CyS9n7m0 saWIDjEibWOVUq1TWy1EifwWu2yAWoHodODp6lvcOzqc4r62u0QHqYtnmNWBoOE47hKWLWRer8D4 aa9bxm2TiSoxLBYVUc3jiIO/R5lwB4juQJf8skpDE2rk/R2XhaQZ0mgT8t4YPF7FoD0dbduib/jw MabfFK1cZ8HAA/3zXRsJYEcXG8JJG4hUSZbIj07ah8YRLTZPtuC6e4ThizpVXa+CcjihY/utlYiO UiraVEXq6MsbXKS6PoTw07gE4ys+HKdhaQWiU9qEfH6mRWoh+W0VNz/bneiU6jGfPyFE4zMt7EZ2 vYH4lc0GAN/9yyewRlwfNPXvKmiqpwoTgDtdZcGQXBi8T2VFZDH5ftCKh6wkEi5+Lphp1fNipH0b nxkAmedr4RFnHIhOTyib307pot0FdNSmMzdex9DhncSL96k8T7SVj+9DiQ6S53dtbWXbqJrD++F0 lNa3F+wIFeBPUdZxKkScJdBvs/rRaVzt/YpzSbTlz2gnA4yfq9qdz1eZfOM7m8/hCjz7Pl6XUb3J +ayx2kWpO+mbls/fHFzouAlMENQ5U4dxqndtxynqO7QB2ByB991LYwG3o+xDwziuR0hT4RDPMRVn rKE3whUbh2Z0GC8RiFobOjsfClkbGAXnLGhedub1Pfi8Hdp/LPB6IiQ9HfMnNTU5pV05NPhil4XV SLMMB5tfcqkHwKb/T9Ug9CzP71wPV9XzyhKX+jVjGqr0MKAvsk36mnBzJLpLcRO5VZ+f0JAoiuh0 vM+pNbXLqFczE91USKmu7eTGJaiSogoe/fKCax5R6ZqR6DAXh6DOV6bRvnYkOq5VMzs7P4ox8Eot GKHvl+C1dTOufZnWiZIXGn6PD3hYvJ50PfviBaNI/5hP/gnTvs2o7nHqtUzBTClzTQA7YFC/mBAL W6ioWNVlqfrYXU9Iy2o2iuiUyqqolqu+LTwBsTYz0am2hvlMWtp63corrxocTsoVhXE/E2BjPtOk REfndqp4r6+1fe1KdBwPvIg16dxEv8/j0UZKy1TrZXM9znsYKNVzgN0dF36ohAQchoYj7wMSlBEv zRWtiQ5xrUsr9Q4nPlVQNW4UqNK8Hdjv6tN2OutS9YXyF3qOi5Kak2d9t7kYXPAWCaSlZdnbScrC M8uB0dPQNGwc1sawi1d9zKuTBnUu1Umflx2G+sZescPzUltbtF/V5TbVmyN27Jd7om77QN5bWPLK VHVZaislWV6Gi/Kpjouf/9U3vlPt/UzfsGGR8WJbTXVpjgX2HdSUJ6ANNgOVKsyousbrap7h+6wB bZkWg4o3EXuJxdQZc4fhCog6HMVNuuqMB88Gzw4cB/a7lADw+hWdnAfDgSpvf6CvEdrMM6vpaPfj wUFOQsJvL+H9XrxPZVw7Sjg+19DY+hGL82j64CBfngP9B6+5gX7j/YNz0XcM90bV02FTu7q+5hrV wiyT5uQ8Z0AeVKffzx0oXua54xK07TV892+0jX50R3BR5s3fceNAGft0dh6M/E/Hc+cBn98TTx+H eJTRwfbp8Xs+3/k/idp1DjAdsFmdtzag/CvwuhOvB9gm1OkfyO9CzJH94jQTlLqRltdcTeN4wOfg osdbRZ5HvrfhtwtQ3n693d1foQQdV1dllAQndX0ueB7ef8d+iXvO/J0uA3iO57i8uot4n4LXD1zz YD2RfifUn2r8/5D4zLGAz0s5FvA9fYKvpDYH79/heI8bC6wDxwKep2HX+aWx4Hp/Jtc8fT59NtuG fE5G2bFGM6W2A8sfEVOOQ43xUUkinXCThnVhf9TlGq39UX6wxEnPyVvpg+nqhuDaNy2fTpGdv//b AoC9NxcBXwC4sGHH/xUeMqPsI1H2mXqR4x1MvIfuHHx3Aha1yfi8NesXF0jatw6tmp7qTS6wnJx8 17HvhmTdHl3uMC7EJAmScJK4ey71ZL7cHLEsvHdzAcuqLJf6NHOa0nggVsZ4aOYqe9VNxkIsXFwP 1LykBbbMkxi8eF0Gd5iO0pUpJt9P/y0uTLFdklECfba1fpzJdUbFS7aCgCAgCAgCrYIA1U6Qoq5O QHY0632aKguI5xtwt591m0msSq2HMkHQd0E6/HHWZUr+goAgIAgIAm2AANVECBW2b/AsyJX8lJ64 qAa9FES0L40S0jAYuTyXWwU+NF9GvvujjKtRxqtaL/0ArdLaAHppgiAgCAgCgkA9EdAHrze6ElxU Oh4g0w8E73dQYsT7H3ioi2cOUaTKwKP5/F4888NvPJf7FYiMjrSX4/tbtbEFI56YKlMaYRxD/7N6 4iJlCQKCgCAgCLQXAnTmpLd9PfzhXE2Kl9Hyrrera932glpaIwgIAoKAINAwBNSt4TD5pUlvwOzb lZxqTodyF4LgGDJp/YYBIQULAoKAICAItDcCPL9jGDDtB/JGGmrNmDx48eD9iLZ9cK1+Ye3dM9I6 QUAQEAQEgdQRUBEnuro2haR3orJ6tERpT0SEuGIHec6gQyTPCcUvJPWukwwFAUFAEBAEkiBAh8UZ iG/JkFMqekBRzcj4dYz88CRejN7xGj358f0T+HwPPftVhAJEmcBrG567NdIfL0m75RlBQBAQBASB xiDwf9+dSnQsuKM/AAAAAElFTkSuQmCCQui07Report{67E3C30E-CF75-4458-B2C3-C2F24D67CC53}Contribución de la enseñanza de la Historia a la formación ambiental inicial del Profesor General Integral de Secundaria Básica2007Las TunasInstituto Superior Pedagógico "josé de la Luz y Caballero"QuinteroClaudina1Lic12Report{25D39ECA-C577-430C-8587-6B7584509E6B}LiceaWalbertoSistematización de una concepción de Educación Ambiental en la preparación de los profesores de Marxismo-Leninismo e Historia2012Universidad de ciencias Pedagógicas "Manuel Ascunce Domenech"Ciego de Ávila2Nov96JournalArticle{870290A5-A5A1-4D80-A9D3-0AA2D6CA5D62}La eduación ambiental formal y no formal: dos sistemas complementarios1996NovoMaríaRevista Iberoamericana de Eduación75-102113Gru12ElectronicSource{8AD16AE2-F4D2-4A13-83DE-947CCB022FA6}Educación Ambiental para maestros, hacia una cultura para el desarrollo sostenible.2012Grupo GEALa HabanaCubaInstituto Superior Pedagógico "Enrique José Varona"CD4UNE17Report{A27422C5-4020-4B84-9D7C-58C2BA99DBE3}Educación para los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Objetivos de aprendizajeParís2017UNESCOUNESCO5CIT17Report{2A825222-EF15-4130-A716-049AF3511C14}CITMAEnfrentamiento al Cambio climático de la República de Cuba. Tarea Vida2017CITMATELLa Habana6Mixtura de conjuntos borrososMaryanis Gamez Ramirezadmin22021-01-06T15:30:00Z2021-01-06T15:31:00Z2021-01-06T15:31:00Z110332218274Microsoft Office Word015243falseTítulo1Mixtura de conjuntos borrososCITMAfalse21553false28180483305http://moodle2.unid.edu.mx/dts_cursos_mdl/lic/ED/DC/S09/DC09_Lectura.pdf32769263005http://atlante.eumed.net/wp-content/uploads/ciencias-biologicas.pdf74056262705http://nelcy-jimena.blogspot.com/2011/09/aprendizaje-receptivo.html44564822405http://oa.upm.es/33203/1/INVE_MEM_2013_181135.pdf69469202105https://educrea.cl/aprendizaje-por-indagacion/30803181805http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/rcp/v18n3/03.pdf43909901505http://www.raco.cat/index.php/ensenanza/article/viewFile/39770/9322172090861205http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/805/80538106.pdf3211342905mailto:danilo@info.sld.cu3539014605mailto:diosveldy@cug.co.cu5832732305https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5204-98245701657005https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9998-5871false15.0000